Simple Present Tense (tenses: part3)

How do we make the Simple Present Tense?

(indonesian version) 

subject	+	auxiliary verb	+	main verb
		do		base

There are three important exceptions:

1. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary.
3. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.

Look at these examples with the main verb like:

	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I, you, we, they			like	coffee.
	He, she, it			likes	coffee.
-	I, you, we, they	do	not	like	coffee.
	He, she, it	does	not	like	coffee.
?	Do	I, you, we, they		like	coffee?
	Does	he, she, it		like	coffee?

Look at these examples with the main verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary:

	subject	main verb
+	I	am		French.
	You, we, they	are		French.
	He, she, it	is		French.
-	I	am	not	old.
	You, we, they	are	not	old.
	He, she, it	is	not	old.
?	Am	I		late?
	Are	you, we, they		late?
	Is	he, she, it		late?

 

How do we use the Simple Present Tense?

We use the simple present tense when:

• the action is general
• the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
• the action is not only happening now
• the statement is always true

John drives a taxi.
past	present	future
It is John's job to drive a taxi. He does it every day. Past, present and future.

Look at these examples:

• I live in New York.
• The Moon goes round the Earth.
• John drives a taxi.
• He does not drive a bus.
• We meet every Thursday.
• We do not work at night.
• Do you play football?

Note that with the verb to be, we can also use the simple present tense for situations that are not general. We can use the simple present tense to talk about now. Look at these examples of the verb "to be" in the simple present tense - some of them are general, some of them are now:

Am I right? Tara is not at home. You are happy.
past	present	future
The situation is now.

 

I am not fat. Why are you so beautiful? Ram is tall.
past	present	future
The situation is general. Past, present and future.

Source: http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present.htm


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you think this article is useful and help you, please do share this article to your friends, your brothers or sisters. Coz knowledge is to be shared.

Thank you for being here. Bye ^_^

Read More...

Read More...

Confused vocabularies

Menulis dalam Bahasa Inggris biasanya menjadi hal yang membingungkan pada beberapa orang. Rata-rata karena vocabulary (kosakata) yang kurang. Ada juga yang nulisnya keb0l4k-bol4k, hee.. karena istilah atau kata-kata dalam Bahasa Inggris banyak yang sama :P

Yah, salah itu wajar koq. Yang ga wajar itu setelah salah ga mau coba lagi ;) (setujuuu!!)
Nah, ini beberapa kata yang membingungkan dalam Bahasa Inggris beserta penjelasan penggunaannya yang sesuai.

Easily confused words

1. If you aren’t sure of a word, check its/it’s meaning in your dictionary.

    Jawaban: its (menunjukkan kepemilikan benda)
    Penjelasan: it's adalah it is.


2. I’m not sure if they’re/ there coming.

    Jawaban: they're (singkatan dari "they are")
    Penjelasan: there digunakan untuk memperkenalkan subyek sebuah kalimat.
    Khususnya sebelum kata kerja be, seem, appear.
    -There are four oranges.


3. She’s done well, isn’t/hasn’t she?
 
   Jawaban: hasn't
   Penjelasan: question tag nya adalah hasn't, karena kata kerja dari "She's done well"
   adalah has done.


4. It can not/cannot be ready on time.

    Jawaban: cannot
    Penjelasan: penulisan yang benar adalah cannot.


5. I did hardly/hard any work yesterday.

   Jawaban: hardly
   Penjelasan: hardly artinya "hampir tidak". Makna kalimat yang diinginkan adalah:
   Saya hampir tidak mengerjakan pekerjaan apapun kemarin. (Hard: keras )


6. It was a rush, but we just managed to get there in/on time.
  
     Jawaban: on time
    Penjelasan: "on time" artinya pada angka/jam yang ditentukan.
    "in time" artinya adalah lebih awal dari waktunya.
    Cth: got home just in time - it's starting to rain.
    If we don't hurry up, we won't be in time to catch the train.


7. You really should/ought to help more often.

    Jawaban: ought
    Penjelasan: kata kerja yang mengikutinya dengan adalah to + Vi
    "Should" hanya diikuti oleh kata kerja bentuk dasar (Vi)
     Cth: You really should help more often.


8. I had less/fewer time than I needed.
  
    Jawaban: less
    Penjelasan: less digunakan dengan uncountable noun ("time" adalah kt. benda
    yang tidak dapat dihitung/uncountable noun.)
    "fewer" digunakan dengan kata benda yang dapat dihitung.
    Cth: There were fewer students came to the meeting than before.


9. It was cancelled because/because of the bad weather.

    Jawaban: because of
    Penjelasan: because of diikuti oleh kata benda (noun)/frase kata benda
    (noun phrase). "Because" diikuti oleh kalimat
    Cth: It was cancelled because it rained yesterday.


10. She’s away on a business journey/trip.

      Jawaban: trip
      Penjelasan: "trip" bermakna perjalanan biasanya untuk waktu yang sementara
      kemuadian kembali lagi.
     "journey" bermakna aktivitas bepergian dari suatu tempat ke tempat lain, khususnya
     dengan kendaraan.
     Cth: It's a two-hour train journey from York to London.
             I love going on long journeys.


11. Thieves stole/robbed my office last night.
   
      Jawaban: robbed
      Penjelasan: "robbed (rob)" bermakna mengambil uang atau harta secara illegal
      dari sebuah tempat, organisasi, atau orang, seringkali disertai kekerasan.
      "stole (steal)" bermakna to take something without the permission or knowledge
      of the owner and keep it  mengambil sesuatu tanpa permisi atau sepengetahuan
      pemiliknya dan menyimpannya.
     Cth: She admitted stealing the money from her employers.


12. I’ll see her while/during the summer.

     Jawaban: during
     Penjelasan: "during"
     bermakna pada suatu waktu antara awal sampai akhir periode.
     Cth: I woke up several times during the night.
     "stole (steal)"
     bermakna pada waktu itu, atau pada saat yang sama.
     Cth: I read it while you were drying your hair.


13. If/Unless you don’t stop smoking, you’ll be seriously ill.

       Jawaban: if
       Penjelasan: "if" bermakna jika.
       "unless" bermakna kecuali.
       Cth: You’ll be seriously ill, Unless you stop smoking.


14. I met them on holiday/holidays.

      Jawaban: holiday
      Penjelasan: "holiday" digunakan untuk formal.
      "holidays" digunakan untuk informal (Britain).


15. She’ll be back soon; she’s been/gone to the bank.
    
      Jawaban: gone
      Penjelasan: "has gone" bermakna ia sudah pergi (berangkat).
      "has been" bermakna (pernah) pergi.
      Cth: She has been in Bali.


16. I want it ready until/by five o’clock.

      Jawaban: by
      Penjelasan: "by" bermakna tidak lebih dari; pada atau sebelum.
      "until" bermakna sampai.
      Cth: She waited form three until six o'clock yesteday.


17. I must pay/pay for my phone bill this week.
      Jawaban: pay
      Penjelasan: "pay" bermakna membayar.
     "pay for" bermakna dihukum karena melakukan sesuatu yang buruk.
      Cth: We all pay for our mistakes in some way at some time.


18. What time does your train get/reach to the station?
   
      Jawaban: get
      Penjelasan: "get" diikuti 'to'.


19. I must return the books I lent/borrowed from the library.

     Jawaban: borrowed
     Penjelasan: "borrow" bermakna meminjam .
     "lent" bermakna meminjamkan.
     Cth: If you need a coat I can lend you one/lend one to you.


20. I arrived home late, so I lost/missed the film on TV.

     Jawaban: missed
     Penjelasan: "miss" bermakna gagal melakukan sesuatu, seringkali sesuatu yang
     telah direncanakan atau diharapkan.
     "lost" kehilangan.
     Cth: I've lost my ticket.


Ternyata mudah ya ^_^ sebenarnya hanya tahu artinya saja.  Kalau tidak tahu artinya, kamuslah solusinya.
So, keep practicing. One we should keep in mind is "never give up" ^_^


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you think this article is useful and help you, please do share this article to your friends, your brothers or sisters. Coz knowledge is to be shared.

Thank you for being here. Bye ^_^

Read More...

Read More...

Tenses: introduction ( tenses: part1)

Karena banyaknya permintaan penjelasan tenses, saya akan menulis serial tulisan tentang topik ini. Pada tulisan pertama ini, saya akan menulis tentang penjelasan globalnya. Supaya kita dapat memahami konsep tenses secara keseluruhan. Semoga tulisan ini bermanfaat buat semua. Pertanyaan dan komentar sangat diharapkan. Silakan menyimak ^_^)

Tenses: Pengertian

Mari kita samakan pengertian tenses terlebih dahulu. Menurut Kamus Cambridge Online (*1), tenses adalah any of the forms of a verb which show the time at which an action happened. Maksudnya adalah bentuk verb (apapun) yang menunjukkan waktu (pada saat) kejadian itu terjadi. Kita tidak dapat membandingkannya dengan struktur Bahasa Indonesia karena Bahasa Indonesia tidak mengenal struktur seperti tenses ini. Perhatikan contoh berikut:

• Dian menyiram bunga di taman kemarin.
• Dian menyiram bunga di taman setiap hari.

Perhatikan kata kerja menyiram beserta keterangan waktunya, dua kalimat di atas menggunakan kata kerja yang sama, dengan bentuk yang sama (meyiram) padahal keterangan waktunya berbeda. Jika kalimat di atas kita ubah dalam Inggris maka akan menjadi :

• Dian watered the flowers in the garden yesterday.
• Dian waters the flowers in the garden everyday.

Perhatikan kata kerja yang dipakai. Kata kerjanya berbeda “watered’ dan ‘waters’ karena keterangan waktu yang digunakan berbeda (‘yesterday’ dan ‘everyday’). Begitulah tenses dalam Bahasa Inggris, kata kerjanya bergantung pada keterangan waktu yang digunakan.
Sampai disini dulu, berikut akan di paparkan macam-macam tenses beserta cara yang mudah untuk mengingatnya ^_^

Semoga bermanfaat, dan sampai jumpa lagi ^_^
(*1) http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/tense_1


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you think this article is useful and help you, please do share this article to your friends, your brothers or sisters. Coz knowledge is to be shared.

Thank you for being here. Bye ^_^
 

Read More...

Read More...

Tenses: Macam-Macam Tenses (tenses: part2)

Hallo, apa kabar? Saya harap Anda selalu dalam keaadaan yang bersemangat, karena kali ini kita akan meneruskan pembicaraan kita tentang tenses. Oke, setelah mengerti apa Pengertian Tenses, kita akan berbicara tentang Pembagian-Pembagian Tenses. ^_^

Dalam bukunya, Understanding for English Grammar, Azar membagi tenses atas waktunya, yaitu:
-         Present
-         Past
-         Future
Jadi semua tenses itu asalnya dari ketiga waktu ini. Bila Anda menemukan tenses “Future Past”, itu hanyalah pengembangan dari ketiganya itu. Karena Future Past adalah kembang-kembang saja (hehe..maksudnya adalah pengembangan dari tiga tenses di atas) maka penjelasannya belakangan saja ya, kalo yang ini dah jelas semua. ^_^

Nah, ada lagi pembagian model kalimat dilihat dari bentuk kejadiannya. Kita kenal mereka dengan sebutan:
-         Simple
-         Continuous
-         Perfect
-         Perfect Continuous
Nah, masing-masing model itu punya fungsi dan ciri-ciri, sehingga bila kita faham dengan itu semua, biasanya dengan sendirinya akan mudah dalam menggunakannya. Anak Inggris umur tiga tahun saja bisa berbicara dengan Bahasa Inggris, Anda pasti juga bisa ^_~
Sekarang kita akan menggabungkan semua tenses diatas. Saya lebih suka memberikan tabel seperti tabel perkalian pada murid saya, karena cara itu juga saya jadi paham tenses. Tablenya seperti berikut:

Model kalimat	Simple Tense	Continuous Tense	Perfect Tense	Perfect Continuous Tense
Waktu
Present	Present Simple Tense	Present Continuous Tense	Present Perfect Tense	Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Past	Past Simple Tense	Past Continuous Tense	Past Perfect Tense	Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Future	Future Simple Tense	Future Continuous Tense	Future Perfect Tense	Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Jadi kalau disatukan, ada 12 macam tenses.  Mudah-mudahan ga pada bingung , hee.
Nah, dengan tabel diatas semoga bisa menyebutkan macam-macam tenses. Kalau dengan pengembangan (memakai “Past Future Tense”) jumlah tenses menjadi 16 biji (eh..macam ^^ ).

Nah, sampai sini dulu ya penjelasannya. Di tulisan berikutnya saya akan menjelaskan fungsi-fungsi dan ciri-ciri tenses-tense diatas-atas. (hehe…berulang terus bahasanya, “atas” nya juga dikasih biar sama ).

Oke, semoga tulisan diatas bermanfaat untuk Anda. Saran dan diskusinya silakan di tulis di bawah sini.

:::Selamat beraktivitas:::

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you think this article is useful and help you, please do share this article to your friends, your brothers or sisters. Coz knowledge is to be shared.

Thank you for being here. Bye ^_^
 

Read More...

Read More...

Phrasal verb (Part 3 : End Part )

Hi everybody, it's nice to see you again ^_^
Today we are going to continue the phrasal verb list. This is the last part of the phrasal verb list. If you haven't got the previous parts, you can also get the part 1 and the part 2 here.
 

O

opt out
leave a system or decide not to participate
e.g. I enjoy tennis but I'm so busy I had to opt out of the tournament.

own up
admit or confess something
e.g. The boy owned up. He said he kicked the ball through the window.


P


pass away
die
e.g. The old lady passed away peacefully.

pass out
faint
e.g. She passed out when she heard the bad news.

pay back
reimburse
e.g. I'll lend you 20€ provided you pay me back before the end of the week.

put off
postpone, arrange a later date
e.g. The meeting was put off because of the strike.

put on
turn on, switch on
e.g. Could you put on the light please?

put out
extinguish
e.g. It took a long time to put out the fire.

put up
accommodate, give somebody a bed
e.g. We can put you up if you'd like to come for a week-end.

pick up
collect somebody
e.g. I'll pick you up at the station when you arrive.

point out
indicate/direct attention to something
e.g. She pointed out the mistake.


R


rely on
count on, depend on, trust
e.g. Don't worry. You can rely on me. I can keep a secret.

rule out
eliminate
e.g. The police ruled out political motives.

run away
escape from a place or suddenly leave
e.g. He ran away from home at the age of fourteen.

run into
meet by accident or unexpectedly (also: bump into)
e.g. Sophie ran into Maria at the shopping centre.

run out of
have no more of something.
e.g. What a nuisance! We've run out of coffee.


S

set off
start a journey;
e.g. Early Saturday morning we set off for the ski slopes .

set up
start a business
e.g. She set up her own company 10 years ago.

shop around
compare prices
e.g. It's always wise to shop around before buying anything.

show off
brag or want to be admired
e.g. There's David showing off in his new sports car!

show up
appear/arrive
e.g. We expected David to come but he didn't show up.

shut up
(impolite) be silent, stop talking
e.g. Oh shut up, you idiot!

sit down
take a seat
e.g. Please come in and sit down.

stand up
rise from a sitting position
e.g. The pupils stood up when the headmaster arrived.

stick up
for defend
e.g. It's important to stick up for one's principles.


T

take after
resemble, in appearance or character
e.g. Jamie really takes after his dad.

take care of
look after
e.g. I'll take care of your plants while you're away.

take off
leave the ground
The plane took off at 6 a.m.

take on
hire or engage staff
e.g. Business is good so the company is taking on extra staff.

take out
remove; extract
e.g. She took out a pen to note the address.

tell off
reprimand/criticize severely
e.g. The teacher told her off for not doing her homework.

think over
consider
e.g. I'll have to think over the proposal before I decide.

try on
wear something to see if it suits or fits
e.g. I'm not sure about the size. Can I try it on?

turn down
refuse
e.g. I couldn't turn down an offer like that!


U

use up
finish a product (so that there's none left)
e.g. The kids have used up all the toothpaste.


V

vouch for
express confidence in, or guarantee something
e.g. You can give the keys to Andy. I can vouch for him.


W
watch out
be careful
e.g. Watch out! There's a car coming.

wear out
1) become unusable
2) become very tired
e.g. 1) Julie wore out her shoes visiting the city.
       2) At the end of the day Julie was worn out.

work out
1) do physical exercise
2) find a solution or calculate something
e.g. 1) I work out twice a week at the gym club.
      2) It's expensive but I haven't worked out the exact cost yet.

wipe off
clean (board, table).
e.g. The teacher asked Lee to wipe off the board.




Well, That's all. Wondering to know how we can memorize the all, you'd better read tips for memorizing vocabularies. 

See you next time ^_^



Source: http://www.learn-english-today.com/phrasal-verbs/phrasal-verb-list.htm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you think this article is useful and help you, please do share this article to your friends, your brothers or sisters. Coz knowledge is to be shared.

Thank you for being here. Bye ^_^

Read More...

Read More...